Sriharikota is well placed for reaching geostationary orbit. For polar orbits, a neighbor is in the way. The arithmetic shows why a small rocket needs a different pad.
No launch date has been announced yet. Here is where India’s human spaceflight programme stands, who the astronauts are, what the first flights will do, and why the date keeps moving.
Vikram and Pragyan worked for less than two weeks in 2023. The papers have been arriving since. Here is what each instrument measured, what it means, and how sure scientists are, plus our own check on one surprising number.